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Human rhinovirus 87 (HRV-87), based on nucleotide sequence data, is an enterovirus and has been reclassified as a member of enterovirus 68 (EV-68; species Human enterovirus D) (Andeweg et al., 1999; Savolainen et al., 2002; T. Hovi, personal communication, 2002).

HRV serotype 1 is divided into two antigenic subtypes HRV-1A and HRV-1B.

A recent taxonomic proposal submitted to the ICTV to move the two rhinovirus species into the Enterovirus genus has been accepted by the Executive Committee and awaits ratification by the ICTV membership. Once ratified the genus Rhinovirus will no longer exist and this change will be reflected in the organization of these web pages. The species names, Human rhinovirus A and Human rhinovirus B, will continue to be used.

Recently, a new human rhinovirus clade has been discovered and its taxonomic position is currently being examined by the ICTV Picornaviridae Study Group in conjunction with HRV researchers.

The three bovine rhinoviruses (BRV-1 to 3) await formal classification, however, analyses of nucleotide sequence data suggests they belong in two new species in the genus Aphthovirus (Knowles, 2005; Hollister et al., 2008).

References

Andeweg, A.C., Bestebroer, T.M., Huybreghs, M., Kimman, T.G. and de Jong, J.C. (1999). Improved detection of rhinoviruses in clinical samples by using a newly developed nested reverse transcription-PCR assay. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 524-530.

Hollister, J.R., Vagnozzi, A., Knowles, N.J. and Rieder, E. (2008). Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of bovine rhinovirus type 2 shows it is closely related to foot-and-mouth disease virus. Virology, In press. Jan 15 [Epub ahead of print] doi:10.1016/j.virol.2007.12.019.

Knowles, N.J. (2005). Molecular identification of all three bovine rhinovirus serotypes as members of the genus Aphthovirus. EUROPIC 2005: XIIIth Meeting of the European Study Group on the Molecular Biology of Picornaviruses, Lunteren, The Netherlands, 23-29th May 2005. Abstract A18.

Ledford, R.M., Patel, N.R., Tull, T.M., Watanyar, A., Herbertz, T., Collett, M.S. and Pevear, D.C. VP1 sequencing of all human rhinovirus serotypes: insights into genus phylogeny and susceptibility to antiviral capsid-binding compounds. Unpublished.

Savolainen, C., Blomqvist, S., Mulders, M.N. and Hovi, T. (2002). Genetic clustering of all 102 human rhinovirus prototype strains: serotype 87 is close to human enterovirus 70. J. Gen. Virol. 83: 333-340.

News

In August 2003 the complete VP1 sequences of all human rhinovirus serotypes were released onto the public databases [AY355180 to AY355281]:  Ledford, R.M., Patel, N.R., Tull, T.M., Watanyar, A., Herbertz, T., Collett, M.S. and Pevear, D.C. VP1 sequencing of all human rhinovirus serotypes: insights into genus phylogeny and susceptibility to antiviral capsid-binding compounds. Unpublished.

Human rhinovirus classification

Savolainen, C., Blomqvist, S., Mulders, M.N. and Hovi, T. (2002).
Genetic clustering of all 102 human rhinovirus prototype strains: serotype 87 is close to human enterovirus 70. J. Gen. Virol. 83: 333-340.

Human rhinovirus 87 confirmed as an isolate of enterovirus 68

Blomqvist S, Savolainen C, Raman L, Roivainen M, Hovi T. (2002). Human rhinovirus 87 and enterovirus 68 represent a unique serotype with rhinovirus and enterovirus features. J Clin Microbiol. 40: 4218-4223.

Ishiko, H., Miura, R., Shimada, Y., Hayashi, A., Nakajima, H., Yamazaki, S. and Takeda, N. (2002). Human rhinovirus 87 identified as human enterovirus 68 by VP4-based molecular diagnosis. Intervirology 45: 136-141.