Isolated from Ixodes persulcatus ticks taken from
wild boars (Sus scrofa) in the Primorje region of the Soviet Union in
1970. The LEIV 113P strain was isolated on 31 July 1970 from a pool of 10
female ticks (Lvov et al., 1978). The virus was labile at pH 3.0, but
stable between pH 5.0-7.0. Heating at 50 °C inactivated the virus, but
thermostability was increased in the presence of 1M MgCl2. The
virus was pathogenic for suckling and 2-3 week-old mice, but not for adult
mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs rabbits or chick embryos. It did not show
CPE in four types of cell culture (HEp-2, PEK, HEK, GMK).
Serologically related to both
Syr-Darya Valley fever virus and mengovirus (EMCV) by complement fixation but all three are
distinct by cross-neutralization.
*Also spelt Sikhote-Alin.
References
Lvov, D.K., Leonova, G.N., Gromashevsky, V.L., Shestakov,
V.L., Gofman, Y.P., Skvortsova, T.M., Klimenko, S.M., Berezina, L.K., Zakaryan,
V.A., Safronov, A.V., Belousova, R.V. (1978). Sikhote-Alin virus, a new member
of the cardiovirus group (Picornaviridae) isolated from Ixodes
persulcatus ticks in Primorie Region. Acta Virol. 22: 458-463.
Lvov, D.K. (1989). Arboviral infections in the subtropics
of the temperate belt of the USSR. In: Arboviruses and Arboviral Infections.
Lvov, D.K., Kilmenko, S.M. and Gaidamovich, S. Ya., Eds., Meditsina, Moscow,
Chapter 8. (In Russian).
Lvov, D.K. (1994). Arboviral zoonoses of Northern Eurasia
(Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States). In: Handbook of
Zoonoses, 2nd Edition, Section B: Viral, Ed. G.W. Beran, CRC Press Inc., Boca
Raton, p. 237-260.
