Child level

Welcome to the home of Picornaviruses

The family Picornaviridae belongs to the order Picornavirales and consists of 12 genera: Enterovirus, Cardiovirus, Aphthovirus, Hepatovirus, Parechovirus, Erbovirus, Kobuvirus, Teschovirus, Sapelovirus, Senecavirus, Tremovirus and Avihepatovirus (Knowles et al., 2011).

The two original human rhinovirus species have been moved to the genus Enterovirus; the genus Rhinovirus no longer exists. The Sapelovirus, Senecavirus, Tremovirus and Avihepatovirus genera (along with a number of new picornavirus species) were formally recognised by the ICTV in August 2009.

Reference

Knowles, N.J., Hovi, T, Hyypiä, T., King, A.M.Q., Lindberg, M., Pallansch, M.A., Palmenberg, A.C., Simmonds, P., Skern, T., Stanway, G., Yamashita, T. and Zell, R. (2011). Picornaviridae. In: Virus Taxonomy: Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses: Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Ed: King, A.M.Q., Adams, M.J., Carstens, E.B. and Lefkowitz, E.J. San Diego: Elsevier, pp 855-880.

2011: proposed new genera
"Aquamavirus"
"Cosavirus"
"Megrivirus"
"Salivirus"

2011: proposed new species
"Aquamavirus A" (genus "Aquamavirus")
"Bovine rhinitis A virus" (genus Aphthovirus)
"Cosavirus A" (genus "Cosavirus")
"Enterovirus F" (genus Enterovirus)
"Enterovirus J" (genus Enterovirus)
"Porcine kobuvirus" (genus Kobuvirus)
"Salivirus A" (genus "Salivirus")
"Turkey hepatitis virus" (genus "Megrivirus")

2011: proposed renaming of enterovirus species
Human enterovirus A to Enterovirus A
Human enterovirus B to Enterovirus B
Human enterovirus C to Enterovirus C
Human enterovirus D to Enterovirus D
Bovine enterovirus to Enterovirus E
Porcine enterovirus B to Enterovirus G
Simian enterovirus A to Enterovirus H
Human rhinovirus A to Rhinovirus A
Human rhinovirus B to Rhinovirus B
Human rhinovirus C to Rhinovirus C

Please note that candidate and formally proposed taxa should be indicated by their names being displayed in quotation marks and non-italicised. These names should be used with caution as it is possible that they could change before final acceptance by the ICTV (see the Picornaviridae Study Group pages for more information). In publications these should be referred to as, for example:

...the proposed genus "Sapelovirus" (i.e. a formal proposal has been submitted to the ICTV EC)
...the candidate species "Porcine kobuvirus" (i.e. no formal proposal has yet been made)

New picornaviruses...

>> Canine picornavirus

>> Canine picodicistrovirus (a dicistronic picorna-like virus)

>> Gallivirus (a new picornavirus in chickens & turkeys)

>> Quail picornavirus

>> Feline picornavirus

>> Murine kobuvirus

>> Rosavirus (a new mouse picornavirus)

>> Mosavirus (a new mouse picornavirus)

>> California sea lion sapeloviruses

>> Canine kobuvirus

>> Sapelo-like picornaviruses of bats

>> Sapelo-like picornaviruses of pigeons

>> Kobu-like picornaviruses of bats

>> Kobu-like viruses of humans

>> Picornaviruses of wild birds

>> Fish picornaviruses (bluegill picornavirus; eel picornavirus)

>> Tortoise picornavirus

>> Turkey hepatitis virus

>> Porcine kobuvirus

>> Bovine enterovirus isolated from a bottlenose dolphin

>> Saffold viruses: new members of the species Theilovirus in man.

Webmaster Contact Information

Nick Knowles

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Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK.

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