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Pages		  Parechovirus B seqs

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Unassigned
  Genus: Parechovirus

Species: Parechovirus B (formerly named Ljungan virus)

Type: Ljungan virus 1 (LV-1)
5' UTR VP0 VP3 VP1 2A1 2A2 2B 2C 3A 3B 3C 3D 3' UTR
Type: Ljungan virus 2 (LV-2)  
5' UTR VP0 VP3 VP1 2A1 2A2 2B 2C 3A 3B 3C 3D 3' UTR
Type: Ljungan virus 3 (LV-3)  
5' UTR VP0 VP3 VP1 2A1 2A2 2B 2C 3A 3B 3C 3D 3' UTR
Type: Ljungan virus 4 (LV-4)  
5' UTR VP0 VP3 VP1 2A1 2A2 2B 2C 3A 3B 3C 3D 3' UTR
Type: Ljungan virus 5 (LV-5)  
5' UTR VP0 VP3 VP1 2A1 2A2 2B 2C 3A 3B 3C 3D 3' UTR
Type: Ljungan virus 6 (LV-6)  
5' UTR VP0 VP3 VP1 2A1 2A2 2B 2C 3A 3B 3C 3D 3' UTR
     

(White areas indicate genes which haven't yet been sequenced completely; grey areas are where only partial sequences exist)

Virus Strain Region

Length

 Accession No. Reference Comments

Ljungan virus 1 (LV-1)
LV-1 87-012 CG(p) 7607 AF327920 Johansson et al., 2002 5' end missing; host:
bank vole (Myodes glareolus)
LV-1 87-012G CG 7635 EF202833 Johansson et al., 2004;
Ekstrom et al., 2007		 cell culture adapted 87-012
LV-1 174F CG(p) 7608 AF327921 Johansson et al., 2002 5' end missing; host: bank
vole (Myodes glareolus)
             

Ljungan virus 2 (LV-2)
LV-2 145SL 5'UTR(p)+
VP0+VP3

2118

 AF020541 Niklasson et al., 1998 host: bank vole (Myodes glareolus)
CG(p) 7592 AF327922 Johansson et al., 2002 5' end missing
LV-2 145SLG CG 7637 FJ384560 Tolf et al., 2009b cell culture adapted 145SL
LV-2 340/Sweden/1994 CG(p) 7591 KR045607 Pounder et al., 2015 host: bank vole (Myodes glareolus)
LV-2 342/Sweden/1994 CG(p) 7593 KR045608 Pounder et al., 2015 host: bank vole (Myodes glareolus)
             

Ljungan virus 3 (LV-3)
LV-3 M1146 CG(p) 7495 AF538689 Johansson et al., 2003 94 nt missing from 5' end; host:
montane vole (Microtus montanus)
             

Ljungan virus 4 (LV-4)
LV-4 64-7855 CG(p) 7436  EU854568 Tolf et al., 2009a incomplete at 5' end; host: southern
red-backed vole (Myodes gapperi)
             

Ljungan virus 5 (LV-5)
LV-5 Fuz1/Japan/2014 CG(p) 7603 LC133331 Mitake et al., 2016 Larus sp.
             

Ljungan virus 6 (LV-6)
LV-6 RtMrut-PicoV/JL2014-2 CG 7631 KY432929 Wu et al., 2018 Myodes rutilus
             

Ljungan virus (unknown type)
LV-? RKI1 (Germany, 2007) 5'UTR(p) 187 FJ184039 Kallies et al., unpub. host: Rattus norvegicus
LV-? RKI2 (Germany, 2007) 5'UTR(p) 187 FJ184040 Kallies et al., unpub. host: Rattus norvegicus
LV-? BAN/2007/706547 VP1(p) 252 JX565595 Oberste et al., 2013 host: Macaca mulatta
             
CG = complete genome; (p) = partial gene sequence

References

Ekstrom, J.O., Tolf, C., Fahlgren, C., Johansson, E.S., Arbrandt, G., Niklasson, B., Edman, K.A. and Lindberg, A.M. (2007). Replication of Ljungan virus in cell culture: The genomic 5'-end, infectious cDNA clones and host cell response to viral infections Virus Res. 130: 129-139.

Johansson, S., Niklasson, B., Maizel, J. Gorbalenya, A.E. and Lindberg, A.M. (2002). Molecular analysis of three Ljungan virus isolates reveals a new, close-to-root lineage of the Picornaviridae with a cluster of two unrelated 2A proteins.J. Virol. 76: 8920-8930.

Johansson, E.S., Niklasson, B., Tesh, R.B., Shafren, D.R., Travassos Da Rosa, A.P.A. and Lindberg, A.M. (2003). Molecular characterization of M1146, an American isolate of Ljungan virus (LV) reveals the presence of a new LV genotype. J. Gen. Virol. 84: 837-844.

Johansson, E.S., Ekstrom, J.-O., Shafren, D.R., Frisk, G., Hyypia, T., Edman, K. and Lindberg, A.M. (2004).
Cell culture propagation and biochemical analysis of the Ljungan virus prototype strain Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 317: 1023-1029.

Mitake, H., Fujii, Y., Nagai, M., Ito, N., Okadera, K., Okada, K., Nakagawa, K., Kishimoto, M., Mizutani, T., Okazaki, K., Sakoda, Y., Takada, A. and Sugiyama, M. (2016). Isolation of a novel Ljungan virus from wild birds in Japan. J. Gen. Virol. 2016 May 20. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000508. [Epub ahead of print]

Niklasson, B., Kinnunen, L., Hornfeldt, B., Horling, J., Benemar, C., Hedlund, K.O., Matskova, L., Hyypiä, T. and Winberg, G. (1999). A new picornavirus isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). Virology 255: 86-93.

Pounder, K.C., Watts, P.C., Niklasson, B., Kallio, E.R., Marston, D.A., Fooks, A.R., Begon, M. and McElhinney, L.M. (2015). Genome characterisation of two Ljungan virus isolates from wild bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in Sweden. Infect. Genet. Evol. 36: 156-164.

Oberste, M.S., Feeroz, M.M., Maher, K., Nix, W.A., Engel, G.A., Hasan, K.M., Begum, S., Oh, G., Chowdhury, A.H., Pallansch, M.A. and Jones-Engel, L. (2013). Characterizing the picornavirus landscape among synanthropic nonhuman primates in Bangladesh, 2007 to 2008. J. Virol. 87: 558-571.

Tolf, C., Gullberg, M., Johansson, E.S., Tesh, R.B., Andersson, B. and Lindberg, A.M. (2009a). Molecular characterization of a novel Ljungan virus (Parechovirus; Picornaviridae) reveals a fourth genotype and indicates ancestral recombination. J Gen Virol. 90: 843-653. Epub 2009 Mar 4.

Tolf, C., Gullberg, M., Ekstrom, J.O., Jonsson, N. and Michael Lindberg, A. (2009b). Identification of amino acid residues of Ljungan virus VP0 and VP1 associated with cytolytic replication in cultured cells. Arch. Virol. 154: 1271-1284.

Wu Z, Lu L, Du J, Yang L, Ren X, Liu B, Jiang J, Yang J, Dong J, Sun L, Zhu Y, Li Y, Zheng D, Zhang C, Su H, Zheng Y, Zhou H, Zhu G, Li H, Chmura A, Yang F, Daszak P, Wang J, Liu Q, Jin Q. Comparative analysis of rodent and small mammal viromes to better understand the wildlife origin of emerging infectious diseases. Microbiome. 2018 Oct 3;6(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s40168-018-0554-9. PubMed PMID: 30285857; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6171170.

 
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